Chemistry Vocabulary [AtoZ] Part -1 (01 to 50)

Chemistry

Vocabulary [AtoZ] 

Part -1 (01 to 50)

1. Absolute Temperature

temperature measured on the absolute scale

2. Absolute Zero

the lowest temperature theoretically attainable

3. Absorption

a process in which one substance permeates another

4. Accuracy

the quality of being near to the true value

5. Acid

any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste

6. Activation Energy

the energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process (such as an emission or reaction) can occur

7. Addition Reaction

a chemical reaction in which one molecule is added to another

8. Alcohol

a volatile compound made by distillation

9. Alkali Metal

any of the monovalent metals of group I of the periodic table (lithium or sodium or potassium or rubidium or cesium or francium)

10. Alkaline

relating to or containing an alkali

11. Alkaline-Earth Metal

any of the bivalent metals of group II of the periodic table

12. Allotrope

a structurally different form of an element

13. Alloy

a mixture containing two or more metallic elements

14. Amorphous

without real or apparent crystalline form

15. Anhydrous

without water; especially without water of crystallization

16. Anion

a particle with a negative electric charge

17. Aqueous Solution

a solution in water

18. Atom

the smallest component of an element

19. Atomic Mass

the property of an atom that causes it to have weight

20. Atomic Number

quantity of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element

21. Atomic Theory

a theory of the structure of the atom

22. Atomic Weight

(chemistry) the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units

23. Avogadro'S Law

the principle that equal volumes of all gases (given the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of molecules

24. Avogadro'S Number

the number of molecules in a mole of a substance

25. Balance

bring into equilibrium

26. Base

a compound reacting with an acid to form a salt and water

27. Beaker

a flatbottomed jar made of glass or plastic

28. Binary Compound

chemical compound composed of only two elements

29. Boil

bring to the temperature at which a liquid changes to vapor

30. Boiling Point

the temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level

31. Boyle'S Law

the pressure of an ideal gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the volume

32. Brittle

having little elasticity

33. Buffer

(chemistry) an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH

34. Bunsen Burner

a gas burner used in laboratories

35. Buoyancy

the tendency to float in water or other liquid

36. Calorimetry

measurement of quantities of heat

37. Catalyst

substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction

38. Cation

a particle with a positive electric charge

39. Chain Reaction

a series of chemical reactions in which the product of one is a reactant in the next

40. Charge

the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body

41. Charles'S Law

(physics) the density of an ideal gas at constant pressure varies inversely with the temperature

42. Chemical Bond

an electrical force linking atoms

43. Chemical Change

process determined by substances' composition and structure

44. Chemical Energy

that part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction

45. Chemical Formula

a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements

46. Chemical Property

a property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity

47. Chemical Reaction

a process in which substances are changed into others

48. Chemistry

the science of matter

49. Chromatography

a process used for separating mixtures by virtue of differences in absorbency

50. Coefficient

a constant number that serves as a measure of some property